- Saud, S., Li, X., Chen, Y., Zhang, L., Fahad, S., Hussain, S., Sadiq, A. and Chen, Y. 2014. Silicon application increases drought tolerance of Kentucky bluegrass by improving plant water relations and morphophysiological functions. Sci. World J. 2014: 368694. 1-10.
- Arora, A., Sairam, R.K. and Srivastava, G.C. 2002. Oxidative stress and antioxidative system in plants. Curr Sci. 82: 10. 1227-1238.
- Orcutt, D.M., Nilsen, E.T. 2000. The physiology of plants under stress, soil and biotic factors. John Wiley and Sons. Inc. New York. Pp. 684-705.
- Gill, S.S. and Tuteja, N. 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 48: 12. 909-930.
- Kaur, N., Kaur, J., Grewal, S.K. and Singh, I. 2019. Effect of heat stress on antioxidative defense system and its amelioration by heat acclimation and salicylic acid pre-treatments in three pigeonpea genotypes. Indian J. Agric. Biochem. 32: 1. 106-110.
- Mousavi, S.R., Galavi, M. and Rezaei, M. 2013. Zinc (Zn) importance for crop production—a review. Int. J. Agron. Plant Prod. 4: 1. 64-68.
- Rizwan, M., Ali, S., Ibrahim, M., Farid, M., Adrees, M., Bharwana, S.A. and Abbas, F. 2015. Mechanisms of silicon-mediated alleviation of drought and salt stress in plants: a review. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 22: 20. 15416-15431.
- Merwad, A.R.M., Desoky, E.S.M. and Rady, M.M. 2018. Response of water deficit-stressed Vigna unguiculata performances to silicon, proline or methionine foliar application. Sci. Hortic. 228: 132-144.
- Shireen, F., Nawaz, M.A., Chen, C., Zhang, Q., Zheng, Z., Sohail, H., Sun, J., Cao, H., Huang, Y. and Bie, Z. 2018. Boron: functions and approaches to enhance its availability in plants for sustainable agriculture. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 19: 7. 1-20.
- Dimkpa, C.O., Singh, U., Bindraban, P.S., Adisa, I.O., Elmer, W.H., Gardea-Torresdey, J.L. and White, J.C. 2019. Addition-omission of zinc, copper, and boron nano and bulk oxide particles demonstrate element and size-specific response of soybean to micronutrients exposure. Sci Total Environ.665: 606-616.
- Hu, Y., Wang, J., Zhi, Z., Jiang, T. and Wang, S. 2011. Facile synthesis of 3D cubic mesoporous silica microspheres with a controllable pore size and their application for improved delivery of a water-insoluble drug. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 363: 1. 410-417.
- Pavel-Licsandru, I. 2018. Silica based materials for the encapsulation of β-Galactosidase. Doctoral thesis. Department of sciences and technologies. Scientific center of molecular physical chemistry. France.
- Sattar, A., Cheema, M.A., Sher, A., Ijaz, M., Ul-Allah, S., Nawaz, A., Abbas, T. and Ali, Q. 2019. Physiological and biochemical attributes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings are influenced by foliar application of silicon and selenium under water deficit. Acta Physiol. Plant. 41: 8. 1-11.
- El-Zohri, M., Al-Wadaani, N.A. and Bafeel, S.O. 2021. Foliar Sprayed Green Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Mitigate Drought-Induced Oxidative Stress in Tomato. Plants. 10: 11. 1-15.
- Martin, D., Stegman, E. and Fereres, E. 1990. Irrigation scheduling principles. IN: Management of Farm Irrigation Systems. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng, St. Joseph, MI. 155-203, 19: 9-81.
- Sairam, R.K., Deshmukh, P.S. and Saxena, D.C. 1998. Role of antioxidant systems in wheat genotypes tolerance to water stress. Biol. Plant. 41: 3. 387-394.
- Aebi, H. 1984. Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymol. 105: 1984. 121-126.
- Yoshimura, K., Yabuta, Y., Ishikawa, T. and Shigeoka, S. 2000. Expression of spinach ascorbate peroxidase isoenzymes in response to oxidative stresses. Plant physiol. 123: 1. 223-234.
- Chen, L.M., Lin, C.C. and Kao, C.H. 2000. Copper toxicity in rice seedlings: changes in antioxidative enzyme activities, H2O2 level, and cell wall peroxidase activity in roots. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 41: 2000. 99-103.
- Stewart, R.R. and Bewley, J.D. 1980. Lipid peroxidation associated with accelerated aging of soybean axes. Plant Physiol. 65: 2. 245-248.
- Wellburn, A.R. 1994. The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b, as well as total carotenoids, using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution. Plant Physiol. 144: 3. 307-313.
- Lichtenthaler, H.K. and Wellburn, A.R. 1983. Determinations of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of leaf extracts in different solvents. Soc. Trans. 11: 5. 591-592.
- Shigeoka, S., Ishikawa, T., Tamoi, M., Miyagawa, Y., Takeda, T., Yabuta, Y. and Yoshimura, K. 2002. Regulation and function of ascorbate peroxidase isoenzymes. J. Exp. Bo. 53: 372, 1305-1319.
- Mittler, R. 2002. Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance. Trends Plant Sci. 7: 9. 405-410.
- Alscher, R.G., Donahue, J.L. and Cramer, C.L. 1997. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants: relationships in green cells. Physiol. Plant. 100: 2. 224-233.
- Khan, A., Khan, A. L., Imran, M., Asaf, S., Kim, Y.H., Bilal, S., Numan, M., Harrasi, A.A.L., Rawahi, A.A.L. and Lee, I.J. 2020. Silicon-induced thermotolerance in Solanum lycopersicum via activation of antioxidant system, heat shock proteins, and endogenous phytohormones. BMC Plant Biol. 20: 1. 1-18.
- Farghaly, F.A., Radi, A.A., Al-Kahtany, F.A. and Hamada, A.M. 2020. Impacts of zinc oxide nano and bulk particles on redox-enzymes of the Punica granatum callus. Sci. Rep. 10: 1. 1-13.
- Zhang, W., Xie, Z., Wang, L., Li, M., Lang, D. and Zhang, X. 2017. Silicon alleviates salt and drought stress of Glycyrrhiza uralensis seedling by altering antioxidant metabolism and osmotic adjustment. J. Plant Res. 130: 3. 611-624
- Yang, T.P.B.W. and Poovaiah, B.W. 2002. Hydrogen peroxide homeostasis: activation of plant catalase by calcium/calmodulin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 99: 6. 4097-4102.
- Ahmad. P. and Prasad. M.N.V. (eds.). 2011. Abiotic stress responses in plants: metabolism, productivity and sustainability. Springer Science & Business Media. Pp: 425-553.
- Abedi, T. and Pakniyat, H. 2010. Antioxidant enzymes changes in response to drought stress in ten cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. 46: 1. 27-34.
- Chaves, M.M., Maroco, J.P. and Pereira, J.S. 2003. Understanding plant responses to drought from genes to the whole plant. Funct. Plant Biol. 30: 3. 239-264.
- Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K., Anee, T.I., Khan, M.I.R. and Fujita, M. 2018. Silicon-mediated regulation of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems confers drought stress tolerance in Brassica napusS. Afr. J. Bot. 115: 2018. 50-57.
- Seyed Sharifi, R., Khalilzadeh, R., Pirzad, A. and Anwar, S. 2020. Effects of biofertilizers and nano zinc-iron oxide on yield and physicochemical properties of wheat under water deficit conditions. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 51: 19. 2511-2524.
- Elshayb, O.M., Nada, A.M., Ibrahim, H.M., Amin, H.E. and Atta, A.M. 2021. Application of silica nanoparticles for improving growth, yield, and enzymatic antioxidant for the hybrid rice EHR1 growing under water regime conditions. Mater. 14: 5. 1150.
- Ashraf, M.P.J.C. and Harris, P.J.C. 2004. Potential biochemical indicators of salinity tolerance in plants. Plant Sci. 166: 1. 3-16.
- Rostami, A.A., and Rahemi, M. 2013. Screening drought tolerance in Caprifig varieties in accordance to Rresponses of antioxidant enzymes. World Appl. Sci. J. 21: 8. 1213-1219.
- Mika, A. and Luthje, S. 2003. Properties of guaiacol peroxidase activities isolated from corn root plasma membranes. Plant Physiol. 132: 3. 1489-1498.
- Zuo, Y. and Zhang, F. 2011. Soil and crop management strategies to prevent iron deficiency in crops. Plant Soil. 339: 1-2. 83-95.
- Yusefi-Tanha, E., Fallah, S., Rostamnejadi, A. and Pokhrel, L.R. 2020. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) as nanofertilizer: improvement on seed yield and antioxidant defense system in soil grown soybean (Glycine max Kowsar). Bio Rxiv. 14: 2020. 1-39.
- Habibi, G. 2014. Silicon supplementation improves drought tolerance in canola plants. Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 61: 6. 784-791.
- Ma, D., Sun, D., Wang, C., Ding, H., Qin, H., Hou, J., Hung, X., Xie, Y. and Guo, T. 2017. Physiological responses and yield of wheat plants in zinc-mediated alleviation of drought stress. Front Plant Sci. 8: 860, 1-12.
- Ma, D., Sun, D., Wang, C., Qin, H., Ding, H., Li, Y. and Guo, T. 2016. Silicon application alleviates drought stress in wheat through transcriptional regulation of multiple antioxidant defense pathways. J. Plant Growth Regul. 35: 1. 1-10.
- Mishra, S., Srivastava, S., Tripathi, R.D., Govindarajan, R., Kuriakose, S.V. and Prasad, M.N.V. 2006. Phytochelatin synthesis and response of antioxidants during cadmium stress in Bacopa monnieriPlant Physiol. Biochem. 44: 1. 25-37.
- Sofo, A., Dichio, B., Xiloyannis, C. and Masia, A. 2004. Lipoxygenase activity and proline accumulation in leaves and roots of olive trees in response to drought stress. Physiol. Plant. 121: 1. 58-65.
- Allen, D.J. and Ort, D.R. 2001. Impacts of chilling temperatures on photosynthesis in warm-climate plants. Trends Plant Sci. 6: 1. 36-42.
- Gong, H., Zhu, X., Chen, K., Wang, S. and Zhang, C. 2005. Silicon alleviates oxidative damage of wheat plants in pots under drought. Plant Sci. 169: 2. 313-321.
- Jones, R. Ougham, H., Thomas, H. and Waaland, S. 2012. Molecular life of plants. Wiley-Blackwell.
- Xiao, X., Xu, X. and Yang, F. 2008. Adaptive responses to progressive drought stress in two Populus cathayana populations. Silva Fenn. 42: 5. 705-719.
- Lawlor, D.W. and Cornic, G. 2002. Photosynthetic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higher plants. Plant Cell Env. 25: 2. 275-294.
- Loggini, B., Scartazza, A., Brugnoli, E. and Navari-Izzo, F. 1999. Antioxidative defense system, pigment composition, and photosynthetic efficiency in two wheat cultivars subjected to drought. Plant Physiol. 119: 3. 1091-1100.
- Jiang, Y. and Huang, B. 2001. Drought and heat stress injury to two cool‐season turfgrasses in relation to antioxidant metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Crop Sci. 41: 2. 436-442.
- Nabati, J., Kafi, M., Masoumi, A. and Mehrjerdi, M.Z. 2013. Effect of salinity and silicon application on photosynthetic characteristics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Int. J. Agric. Sci. 3: 4. 483-492.
- Kamaei, H., Eisvand, H.R., Daneshvar, M. and Nazarian, F. 2017. Effect of potassium, zinc and boron foliar application on canopy temperature, physiological traits and yield of two bread wheat cultivars under optimum and late planting dates. J. Crop Prod. 10: 4. 187-203. (In Persian).
- Wiswanathan, B. 2009. Nanomaterials. Alpha science international limited, London, 250 p.
- Taghipoure, Z., Asghari Zakaria, R., Zareh, N. and Shikhzade, P. 2014. The evaluation of some physiological traits in populations of Aegilops triuncialis under drought stress. Rangelandforest plant Breed Res. 22: 1. 55-66. (In Persian).
- Gorgini Shabankareh, H., Khorasaninejad, S., Soltanlo, H. and Shariati, V. 2021. Evaluation of drought stress and foliar application with abscisic acid on yield, physiological and biochemical characteristics of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Organic Munstead). Electron. J. Crop Prod. 14: 2. 62-85. (In Persian).
- Torabi, F., Majd, A., Enteshari, Sh. and Irian, S. 2013. Study of Effect of Silicon on Some Anatomical and Physiological Characteristics of Borage (Borago officinalis) in Hydroponic Conditions. Journal of Cell & Tissue. 4: 3. 275-285. (In Persian).
- Singh, S., Sharma, H., Goswami, A., Datta, S. and Singh, S. 2000. In vitro growth and leaf composition of grapevine cultivars as affected by sodium chloride. Biol. Plant. 43: 2. 283–286.
- Lee, B.R., Jung, W.J., Kim, K.Y., Avice, J.C., Ourry, A. and Kim, T.H. 2005. Transient increase of de novo amino acid synthesis and its physiological significance in water-stressed white clover. Funct. Plant Biol. 32: 9. 831-838.
- Kim, T.H., Lee, B.R., Jung, W.J., Kim, K.Y., Avice, J.C. and Ourry, A. 2004. De novo protein synthesis in relation to ammonia and proline accumulation in water stressed white clover. Funct. Plant Biol. 31: 8. 847-855.
- Lee, B.R., Jin, Y.L., Avice, J.C., Cliquet, J.B., Ourry, A. and Kim, T.H. 2009. Increased proline loading to phloem and its effects on nitrogen uptake and assimilation in water‐stressed white clover (Trifolium repens). New Phytol. 182: 3. 654-663.
- Anjum, F. 2003. Water stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare ) effect on morphological characters. Pak. J. Agri. Sci. 40: 1. 43–44.
- Gang, L. and Jiashu, C. 2001. Effects of silicon on earliness and photosynthetic characteristics of melon. Acta Hortic. Sin. 28: 5. 421-424.
- Emadian, S.F. and Newton, R.J. 1989. Growth enhancement of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) seedlings by silicon. J. Plant. Physilo. 134: 1. 98-103.
- Narendhran, S., Rajiv, P. and Sivaraj, R. 2016. Toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles on germinating Sesamum indicum (Co-1) and their antibacterial activity. Bull. Mater. Sci. 39: 2. 415-421.
- Zahir, A.Z., Malik M.A. and Arshod, M. 2000. Improving crop yield by application of an auxin precursor tryptophan. J. Biol. Sc. 3:10. 133-135.
- Al-Whaili, H.K.K.S. and Al-Rubai’i, B.M.F. 2020. The effect of phosphorus and spraying with tryptophan on some of the shape and physiological characteristics of the coriander plant (Corianderum Sativum). Plant Arch. 20: 1. 631-638.
- Goldani, M. and Rezvani, P. 2007. The effect of different irrigation regimes and planting dates on phenology and growth indices of three chickpea (Cicer arietinum) cultivars in Mashhad. J. Agric. Sci. Nature. Resour. 14: 1. 61-74. (In Persian)
- Mahrookashani, A., Siebert, S., Hüging, H. and Ewert, F. 2017. Independent and combined effects of high temperature and drought stress around anthesis on wheat. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 203: 6. 453-463.
- Kim, Y.H., Khan, A.L., Waqas, M. and Lee, I.J. 2017. Silicon regulates antioxidant activities of crop plants under abiotic-induced oxidative stress: a review. Front Plant Sci. 8: 510. 1-10.
- Estrada-Luna, A.A. amd Davies Jr, F.T. 2003. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi influence water relations, gas exchange, abscisic acid and growth of micropropagated chile ancho pepper (Capsicum annuum) plantlets during acclimatization and postacclimatization. J. Plant Physiol. 160: 9. 1073-1083.
- Siddique. M.H. Whaibi. M.H.Al. Firoz. M. and Khaishany. M.Y.Al. 2015. Role of nanoparticle in plants in nanotechnology and plant sciences. Springer International Pubishing. 123: 19-35.
|