آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 14 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 684 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,095 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 11,098,395 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 10,123,766 |
Study of relationship between food security, urban population and development plans in Iran | ||
| Environmental Resources Research | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 5، شماره 2، مهر 2017، صفحه 143-152 اصل مقاله (342.18 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22069/ijerr.2017.3872 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Jalal Salem1؛ Mojtaba Mojaverian2 | ||
| 1PhD of Agricultural Economic, Department of Agricultural Economic, Natural Resources and Agricultural Researches Center of Yazd province- Iran | ||
| 2PhD of Agricultural Economic, Department of Agricultural Economic, University of Agricultural and Natural Resources sari | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Urban population growth (non-agricultural population) in developing countries has challenged the food security of urban households. The precise demographic definition of urbanization is the increasing share of a nation's population living in urban areas (and thus a declining share living in rural areas). Mostly, urbanization is the result of net rural to urban migration. We investigated the food security among urban households and the effects and various factors involved for the period of 1983 to 2012. Results showed that during this period the food security of urban households had an increasing trend. Despite the enhancement of food security among urban households, 5.6 percent of the urban populations received less than necessary kilojoules level in 2012, role factors were evaluated as well using time series pattern after estimation of urban household's aggregate food security index (AHFSI). Results showed that effect lag variable of aggregate food security index changes on growth of aggregate food security index in the next year will be significantly negative (at 1% level). These results exhibited that with increase in one-unit growth of food security index in one year, it would decrease by 0.008 units the next year. Every one percent increase of people receiving less than standard energy level will decrease the growth of food security index by 0.009 units. This finding is significant at 10 percent level. Nevertheless, the 1st to 3rd five-year development plans showed more growths on food security indices in comparison with the 4th development plan. Furthermore, the second development plan showed the maximum increase of food security index in comparison with the 4th development plan. Based on the results, the constant and steadily increasing trend of the food security index should be considered as a priority in the future development plans | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Food security؛ Non- agricultural population؛ Development plans؛ Iran | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ahmad, Sh., Siddique Javed, M., and Ghafoor, A. 2004. Estimation of food security situation at household level in rural areas of Panjab. International Journal of Agricultural and Biology 18(1), 279- 286. Andersen. and Rajul, P.L. 1995. Prospects for future world food security. International Rural Development Centre (IRDC). Beauchemin, C., and Bocquier, P. 2004. Migration and urbanization in Francophone West Africa: an overview of the recent empirical evidence. Urban Stud. 41, 2245–2272. Bigman, D. 1993. The measurement of food security. In: Berck, P. / Bigman, D (eds.1993): Food security And Food Inventories. In Developing Countries. Wallingford: CAB International. 238-251. Cohen, M., and Garrett, J. 2009 The food price crisis and urban food insecurity. London, UK: IIED. Deshingkar, P. 2006. Internal migration, poverty and development in Asia. ODI Briefing Paper 11.London, UK: Overseas Development Institute. Diaz-Bonilla, E., Thomas, M., Robinson, S., and Cattaneo, A. 2000. Food Security and Trade Negotiations in the World Trade Organization: A Cluster Analysis of Country Groups, Trade and Macroeconomics Discussion Paper 59, Washington D.C: International Food Policy Research Institute.Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2001. Some Issues Relating to Food Security in the Context of WTO Negotiations on Agriculture”,Geneva Round Table on Food Insecurity in the Context of WTO Negotiations on Agriculture 2001. Discussion Paper No. 1, Rome, Italy: FAO. Ghasemi Ardhany, A. 2007. Causes of Rural migration to urban in Iran with meta-analysis of academic dissertations (1980- 2004). Rural and development Scientific and research quarterly journal of Agricultural Planning and Economic Research Institute Vol. 9, No.1. Haddad, L., Ruel, M., and Garrett, J.L. 1999. Are urban poverty and under nutrition growing? Some newly assembled evidence. Food Consumption and Nutrition discussion paper 63. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute. Hoang, X.T., Dinh, T.T.P., and Nguyen, T.H. 2008. Urbanization, fruit production and rural livelihood transformations in the Mekong Delta. London, UK: IIED. Housing foundation of Islamic Revolution of Kerman province. 2009. Report of State of residence in villages and rurals of Kerman province. Iran statistic center. 2013. Population census results of different years. Tehran. Press and Information Office of Statistics. Iran statistic center. 2003. Migration and Urbanization in Iran. Tehran. Press and Information Office of Statistics Jafary, M., and Baghshndae, M. 2008. Study of poverty local distribution and food insecurity in rural and urban households in Iran, Scientific& research quarterly journal of agricultural economics and development. 16, 61. Khodadad Kashi, F., and Heydari, KH. 2005. Estimating of food security level in Iranian households based on the AHFSI index, Agricultural Economics and Development Scientific and research quarterly journal of Agricultural Planning &Economic Research Institute. 12, 4. Mehrabi Boshrabadi, H. and Mousavi Mohmmadi, H. 2008. Analysis of Trade Liberalization Effects on Food Security of Rural Households in Iran. Rural and development Scientific and research quarterly journal of Agricultural Planning and Economic Research Institute. 10, 2. Mehrabi Boshrabadi, H., and Mousavi Mohmmadi, H. 2010. Analysis of Agricultural Protection Policies Effects on Food Security of Rural Households in Iran. Agricultural Economics and Development Scientific and research quarterly journal of Agricultural Planning and Economic Research Institute. 16, 3. Morsali, A. 2006.The inequality of employment of urban - rural in West Azarbaijan Province during 1966-1996. Rural and development Scientific and research quarterly journal of Agricultural Planning and Economic Research Institute, 9, 2. Nagdi, A. 2002. Study of urban development and its social consequences. M.S thesis, University of Isfahan. Ruel, M., J.L. Garrett, S.S. Morris, D. Maxwell, A. Oshaug, P. Engle, P. Menon, A. Slack, and L.Haddad. 1998. Urban challenges to food and nutrition security: a review of food security, health, and care giving in the cities. Food Consumption and Nutrition Division discussion paper 51. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute. Ruel, M., Haddad, L., and Garrett, J.L. 1999. Some urban facts of life. Food Consumption and Nutrition Division discussion paper 64. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute. Satterthwaite D., Gordon Mc, G., and Cecilia, T. 2010. Urbanization and its implications for food and farming Satterthwaite, D. 2004. The under-estimation of urban poverty in low and middle-income nations. London, UK: IIED. Sen, A.K. 1976. Poverty: An ordinal approach to measurement. Econometrical. 44, 219-231. Shapouri, Sh. and Rosen, R. 2010. Developing Countries Face Urbanization Growth, Food-Security Worries, and Food-Safety Challenges, Food Security Assessment, 2008-09/ GFA-20 Economic Research Service/USDA Thomson, A., and Metz, M. 1998. “Implication of economic policy for food security”. A Training Manual. FAO, Rome Tiffen, M. 2003. Transitions in sub-Saharan Africa: agriculture, Urbanization and income growth. World Dev. 31, 1343–1366. Tsegay Gebrehiwot, 2009. Determinants of food security in rural households of the Tigray region. A thesis submitted to Addis Ababa University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in applied statistics. United Nations 2010. World population prospects. New York Wiebe, K., and Tegne. 2000. Resource Quality. Agricultural Productivity. and Food Security in Developing Countries. Food Security Assessment. 2008-09/ GFA-12 Economic Research Service/USDA .World bank. http://web. world bank .org/website/external/ world development indicators World Trade Organization, 2000a. Agreement on agriculture: Special and differential treatment and a development box. Proposal to the June 2000 special session of the committee on agriculture by Cuba, The Dominican Republic, Honduras, Pakistan, Haiti, Nicaragua, Kenya, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Srilanka,and Elsalvador. G/AG/NG/W/13. World Trade Organization, 2000b. Agreement on agriculture: Green Box/Annex 2 subsidies. Proposal to the June 2000 special session of the committee on agriculture by Cuba, The Dominican Republic, Honduras, Pakistan, Haiti, Nicaragua, Kenya, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Sri Lanka, and El Salvador. Yavari, R., and Hossini, A. 2012. Evaluation Iran food security in during development different plans and study of oil revenues effects on food security. Shiraz University. The 8th Biennial Conference of Iranian Agricultural Economics Society. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 970 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,056 |
||
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. طراحی و پیاده سازی از سیناوب